Chemistry-Activity #2

 

Activity:  Creating 3-dimensional models of 3 different elements from the periodic table.



Materials Used:  String, cheerios, marker, peanuts, chocolate chips. 

 



 

This 3-dimensional model represents the element of Helium.  The 2 cheerios on the outer orbit represents the 2 electrons.  The two black cheerios in the middle represent the protons and the other 2 cheerios in the middle represent the neutrons.  The atomic number is 2 and the atomic mass is 4.002602

 

This 3-dimensional model represents the element of Neon.  It has 8 cheerios on the outer orbit and 2 on the inner orbit for a total of 10 electrons.  In the middle there are 10 peanuts to represent the protons and 10 chocolate chips to represent the neutrons.  Neon has an atomic number of 10 and an atomic mass of 20.1797.

 

This 3-dimensional model represents the element of Oxygen.  There are 6 cheerios on the outer orbit and 2 cheerios on the inner orbit to represent the 8 electrons.  In the middle there are 8 peanuts to symbolize the protons and 8 chocolate chips to represent the neutrons.  Oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic mass of 15.9994.

 

 

In your models, which two subatomic particles are equal in number?

The two subatomic particles that are equal in number are the number of protons and electrons.

 

How would you make an isotope for one of your models? What would change with the model?

To make Neon an isotope I would need to add 10 neutrons.  What would change with the models is there would be more neutrons in the nucleus and also making the atomic weight of 30.1797.

 

Considering the overall volume of your element models, what makes the up the most of the volume of an atom?

The nucleus which consists of the protons and neutrons. 

 

For one of your models, show with another image what happens when energy excites and electron:

 

Oxygen when it's excited.

 

Once the electron is excited, what do we typically observe when the electron returns to the ground-state?

Once the electron is excited we typically observe light and color. 

 

Why are some elements different colors when they are excited?

Some elements are different colors when they are excited because of the different structure o the atoms and their specific elements they are made up of. 

 

Explain how the colors of fireworks arise:

The colors of fireworks arise through different elements.  Bright reds are produced by strontium compounds and barium compounds attribute to green fireworks.  The results from the electron structure of atoms of the specific elements. 

 

Explain the overall organizational structure of the periodic table:

The periodic table is organized by the electron configuration and the atomic number.  It also consists of horizontal and vertical rows that divide into groups or families and periods.  The vertical column is known as a group of family and the elements within them consist of similar chemical properties.  The horizontal rows are known as a period.  The properties of these elements vary periodically throughout the period. 

 

List two examples of elements for each of these groups or classes:

Alkali Metals:  Sodium and Potassium

Earth Halogens:  Chlorine and Iodine

Nobel Gases:  Helium and Neon

Transition Metals:  Scandium and Manganese

Non-Metals: Carbon and Nitrogen

Metalloids: Boron and Silicon

 

 

 

=